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Vietnamese tuna industry considers the EU a vital destination for tuna loin and processed products. Photo: VASEP

EU–India Free Trade Agreement Set to Reshape European Tuna Market

EUROPEAN UNION
Tuesday, February 17, 2026, 06:10 (GMT + 9)

Indian exporters gain tariff edge as Vietnamese producers face mounting competitive pressure

The announcement by the European Union (EU) and India that negotiations for a landmark Free Trade Agreement (FTA) will be finalized by January 2026 is expected to significantly reshape competition in the European seafood market.

For the Vietnamese tuna industry, which considers the EU a vital destination for tuna loin and processed products, the deal could signal the beginning of a more challenging era.

According to Ms. Nguyen Ha, Tuna Market Expert at the Vietnam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers (VASEP), Vietnam risks experiencing “preferential treatment erosion” as India—a major competitor with strong raw material supply and processing capacity—secures wider tariff access to the EU market.

Zero Tariffs Give India a Powerful Competitive Boost

Under the anticipated EU–India FTA, EU import tariffs on many key Indian exports, including seafood, are expected to fall from current levels of approximately 26% to 0%, according to Reuters.

The agreement aims to eliminate or sharply reduce tariffs across a broad range of goods, strengthening bilateral trade and diversifying supply chains between the EU and India.

In the tuna industry, even marginal tax differences can determine purchasing decisions. Segments such as:

  • Frozen tuna loin

  • Frozen steamed tuna loin

  • Processed and canned tuna

are highly sensitive to price fluctuations of just a few percentage points.

With Indian seafood entering the EU at zero tariffs, Indian exporters will enjoy a clear pricing advantage. As both sides anticipate expanded bilateral trade, this advantage could quickly translate into greater market share for India in the European seafood sector.

Vietnam’s EVFTA Advantage Narrows

Vietnam currently benefits from the EU–Vietnam Free Trade Agreement (EVFTA), which includes a tariff reduction roadmap and preferential tariff quotas (TRQ) for tuna products.

Key provisions include:

  • 11,500 tons per year duty-free quota for canned tuna

  • Gradual tariff reductions to 0% for certain tuna loin and meat products

However, these advantages were most meaningful when competing exporters faced higher Most Favored Nation (MFN) tariffs.

With India now poised to secure 0% tariffs on many seafood products under its own FTA, the “preferential gap” between Vietnam and India in the EU will narrow considerably.

This could prompt EU buyers to shift orders toward suppliers offering better after-tax prices in the same product segments. Vietnamese exporters may face increasing pressure to lower prices, particularly for:

  • Processing contracts

  • Tuna loin

  • Canned tuna

The value of Vietnam’s 11,500-ton canned tuna quota may also diminish as EU importers gain access to alternative suppliers enjoying similar tariff benefits.

Beyond Tariffs: Compliance and IUU Risks

Tariffs are only one piece of the competitive puzzle. EU importers also weigh compliance standards, traceability, and legal risks—particularly regarding illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing.

Vietnam continues to seek the removal of the EU’s IUU “yellow card,” a warning measure affecting its seafood sector. During recent high-level exchanges, Vietnamese officials reiterated calls for EU support in lifting the sanction.

As tariff advantages narrow, compliance factors could become decisive. If two suppliers offer similar pricing, EU buyers are increasingly likely to favor the one perceived as lower risk in regulatory and sustainability terms.

Intensifying Competition in Tuna Loin and Canned Segments

India holds substantial strengths in:

  • Access to raw tuna materials

  • Integration into global tuna processing supply chains

  • Large-scale processing capacity

With zero-tariff access to the EU, India is well-positioned to expand exports in segments where Vietnam has been actively leveraging the EVFTA, particularly:

  • Frozen tuna loin

  • Frozen steamed tuna loin

  • Processed canned tuna products

This development enables EU importers to diversify sourcing, optimize pricing, and reduce supply chain risks.

For existing suppliers such as Vietnam, however, the consequence could be a gradual erosion of market share.

2026–2027: A Critical Adjustment Period

If implemented as scheduled, the EU–India FTA will likely trigger a restructuring of EU seafood supply chains during 2026–2027.

Vietnamese tuna exporters may face mounting challenges in defending their position within the EU bloc.

Industry analysts suggest that businesses must begin adjusting strategies immediately—focusing on cost efficiency, product differentiation, compliance improvements, and supply chain transparency—to remain competitive in a rapidly shifting trade environment.


🇯🇵 日本語(Japanese)

EU–インド自由貿易協定が欧州マグロ市場を再編へ

インド輸出業者が関税優位を獲得、ベトナム生産者は競争圧力の高まりに直面

欧州連合(EU)インドが、画期的な自由貿易協定(FTA)の交渉を2026年1月までに最終合意すると発表したことで、欧州の水産市場における競争環境は大きく再編される見通しだ。

EUをマグロロインおよび加工製品の重要市場と位置付けるベトナムのマグロ産業にとって、本協定はより厳しい時代の到来を意味する可能性がある。

ベトナム水産物輸出加工協会(VASEP)のマグロ市場専門家であるグエン・ハー氏によれば、原材料供給力と加工能力で強みを持つ主要競合国インドがEU市場でより広範な関税アクセスを獲得すれば、ベトナムは「優遇措置の侵食」に直面するリスクがある。

ゼロ関税がインドに強力な競争優位をもたらす

報道機関ロイターによると、予想されるEU–インドFTAの下で、EUのインド主要輸出品(海産物を含む)に対する輸入関税は、現在の約**26%から0%**へ引き下げられる見込みだ。

本協定は広範な商品にわたる関税の撤廃または大幅削減を目的とし、EUインド間の二国間貿易を強化し、サプライチェーンの多様化を促進する。

マグロ産業では、わずかな税率差が購買決定を左右する。とりわけ以下の分野は価格変動に極めて敏感である。

  • 冷凍マグロロイン

  • 冷凍スチームマグロロイン

  • 加工・缶詰マグロ

インド産水産物がゼロ関税でEU市場に参入すれば、インド輸出業者は明確な価格優位を獲得する。双方が二国間貿易拡大を見込む中、この優位性は欧州水産市場におけるインドのシェア拡大につながる可能性が高い。

ベトナムのEVFTA優位性は縮小

ベトナムは現在、**EU・ベトナム自由貿易協定(EVFTA)**の恩恵を受けており、マグロ製品に対する関税削減ロードマップおよび優遇関税枠(TRQ)が含まれている。

主な内容は以下の通り:

  • 年間11,500トン缶詰マグロ無税枠

  • 一部マグロロイン・肉製品に対する段階的な**0%**関税への引き下げ

しかし、これらの優位性は、競合国がより高い最恵国(MFN)関税を課されていた時に最も効果的であった。

インドが独自のFTAの下で多くの水産品に0%関税を適用されるようになれば、ベトナムインドのEU市場における「優遇格差」は大幅に縮小する。

これにより、EUの買い手は同一セグメントでより有利な税後価格を提示する供給者へ注文を移す可能性が高まる。ベトナム輸出業者は、特に以下の分野で価格引き下げ圧力に直面する可能性がある。

  • 加工契約

  • マグロロイン

  • 缶詰マグロ

さらに、ベトナムの11,500トンの缶詰マグロ枠の価値も、類似の関税優遇を享受するインドという代替供給源が増えることで相対的に低下する可能性がある。

関税だけではない:コンプライアンスとIUUリスク

関税は競争要因の一部に過ぎない。EU輸入業者は、コンプライアンス基準、トレーサビリティ、法的リスク、とりわけ違法・無報告・無規制(IUU)漁業に関する要件も重視している。

ベトナムは引き続きEUのIUU「イエローカード」の解除を目指している。最近の高官級協議においても、ベトナム側は制裁解除への支援をEUに求めた。

関税優位が縮小する中、コンプライアンス要素が決定的となる可能性がある。同等の価格を提示する2つの供給者が存在する場合、EUの買い手は規制および持続可能性面でより低リスクと評価される供給者を選好する傾向が強まる。

マグロロインおよび缶詰分野で競争激化

インドは以下の分野で大きな強みを有する:

  • 原料マグロへのアクセス

  • グローバルなマグロ加工サプライチェーンへの統合

  • 大規模加工能力

ゼロ関税でEU市場に参入すれば、インドはベトナムがEVFTAを活用して拡大を図ってきた分野、特に以下で輸出拡大が可能となる。

  • 冷凍マグロロイン

  • 冷凍スチームマグロロイン

  • 加工缶詰マグロ製品

これはEU輸入業者にとって調達先多様化、価格最適化、供給リスク低減を可能にする。

しかし、既存供給国であるベトナムにとっては、市場シェアの段階的縮小につながる可能性がある。

2026–2027年:重要な調整期間

予定通り実施されれば、EU–インドFTA2026–2027年にEU水産サプライチェーンの再編を引き起こす可能性が高い。

ベトナムのマグロ輸出業者は、EU市場での地位維持においてますます大きな課題に直面するだろう。

業界アナリストは、企業が競争力を維持するために、コスト効率化、製品差別化、コンプライアンス強化、サプライチェーンの透明性向上に直ちに取り組むべきだと指摘している。


🇨🇳 简体中文(Chinese – Simplified)

欧盟–印度自由贸易协定将重塑欧洲金枪鱼市场

印度出口商获得关税优势,越南生产商面临日益加剧的竞争压力

欧盟(EU)印度宣布将于2026年1月前完成具有里程碑意义的**自由贸易协定(FTA)**谈判,这一消息预计将显著改变欧洲海产品市场的竞争格局。

对于将欧盟视为金枪鱼鱼柳及加工产品关键市场的越南金枪鱼行业而言,这可能意味着更具挑战性的时期即将到来。

越南水产出口与生产协会(VASEP)金枪鱼市场专家阮河女士表示,随着在原材料供应和加工能力方面具有优势的主要竞争对手印度获得更广泛的关税准入,越南可能面临“优惠待遇侵蚀”的风险。

零关税为印度带来强劲竞争优势

根据路透社报道,在预期中的欧盟–印度FTA框架下,欧盟对印度关键出口产品(包括海产品)的进口关税预计将从目前约26%降至0%

该协议旨在大规模取消或大幅降低双边贸易商品的关税,以加强欧盟印度之间的双边贸易并推动供应链多元化。

在金枪鱼行业,即便几个百分点的税率差异也会影响采购决策。以下细分产品对价格变化尤为敏感:

  • 冷冻金枪鱼鱼柳

  • 冷冻蒸熟金枪鱼鱼柳

  • 加工及罐装金枪鱼

当印度海产品以零关税进入欧盟市场时,印度出口商将获得明显的价格优势。随着双方预期双边贸易增长,这一优势可能迅速转化为印度在欧洲海产品市场的更大份额。

越南在EVFTA下的优势正在缩小

越南目前受益于欧盟–越南自由贸易协定(EVFTA),其中包括金枪鱼产品的关税削减路线图以及优惠关税配额(TRQ)。

主要条款包括:

  • 每年11,500吨罐装金枪鱼零关税配额

  • 某些金枪鱼鱼柳及鱼肉产品逐步降至**0%**关税

然而,这些优势在竞争对手仍面临较高最惠国(MFN)关税时最为显著。

随着印度在其FTA框架下对多种海产品适用0%关税,越南印度在欧盟市场的“优惠差距”将大幅缩小。

这可能促使欧盟买家将订单转向在相同产品细分领域提供更具税后价格优势的供应商。越南出口商可能面临更大的降价压力,尤其是在:

  • 加工订单

  • 金枪鱼鱼柳

  • 罐装金枪鱼

此外,越南11,500吨罐装金枪鱼配额的价值也可能相对下降,因为欧盟进口商将拥有享受类似关税待遇的替代供应来源——印度。

竞争不仅仅是关税问题

关税只是竞争因素之一。欧盟进口商还高度重视合规标准、可追溯性以及法律风险,尤其是与非法、未报告和无管制(IUU)捕捞相关的要求。

越南仍在努力争取欧盟取消IUU“黄牌”警告。在最近的高层交流中,越方再次呼吁欧盟支持解除该措施。

随着关税优势缩小,合规因素可能成为决定性因素。如果两家供应商提供相近价格,欧盟买家将更倾向于选择在监管和可持续性方面风险更低的供应商。

金枪鱼鱼柳和罐装领域竞争加剧

印度在以下方面具有显著优势:

  • 原料金枪鱼供应

  • 融入全球金枪鱼加工供应链

  • 大规模加工能力

在零关税进入欧盟市场后,印度有能力扩大在越南依托EVFTA积极拓展的产品领域的出口,尤其是:

  • 冷冻金枪鱼鱼柳

  • 冷冻蒸熟金枪鱼鱼柳

  • 加工罐装金枪鱼产品

这使欧盟进口商能够实现供应来源多元化、优化价格并降低供应中断风险。

然而,对于包括越南在内的现有供应商而言,这可能意味着市场份额的逐步流失。

2026–2027年:关键调整期

如果按计划实施,欧盟–印度FTA预计将在2026–2027年引发欧盟海产品供应链的重组。

越南金枪鱼出口商在维持欧盟市场份额方面将面临越来越多的挑战。

行业分析人士指出,企业应立即调整战略,重点提升成本效率、产品差异化、合规水平和供应链透明度,以在迅速变化的贸易环境中保持竞争力。

editorial@seafood.media
www.seafood.media


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